I largely followed Florin's blog post, but have a few notes to add regarding issues I encountered:
Generate Your Private/Public Key-pair $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C 'foo@example.com' By default your private key will be stored in /.ssh/idrsa: This is your private key and it must be kept secret /.ssh/idrsa.pub: This is your public key, you can share it (for example) with servers as an authorized key for your account. You can change the location. A key that originally had a passphrase, then removed with ssh-keygen -p idrsa as @cjcox17 suggested. With all attempts I shut down and restarted vscode. From my research online I haven't found a way to generate an ssh key on macOS mojave without OPENSSH format. Before adding a new SSH key to the ssh-agent to manage your keys, you should have checked for existing SSH keys and generated a new SSH key. When adding your SSH key to the agent, use the default macOS ssh-add command, and not an application installed by macports, homebrew, or some other external source. May 28, 2006 SSH public key authentication on Mac OS X. One of OpenSSH’s great features is ssh public key authentication. For those of you who are as lazy as I am, and don’t want to type in and remember all kinds of different passwords for different hosts, it is the solution.
Paste your private key, such as the one in the following image, into the file. Be sure to include the BEGIN and END lines. To save your changes, press Esc. Type:wq to write the file and return to the command line. Run the following command to change the file permissions to 600 to secure the key. How to Create SSH Keys with OpenSSH on MacOS or Linux. The standard OpenSSH suite of tools contains the ssh-keygen utility, which is used to generate key pairs. Run it on your local computer to generate a 2048-bit RSA key pair, which is fine for most uses. The utility prompts you to select a location for the keys.
gpg-agent only automatically starts when gpg is used; for ssh, you'll need to ensure it's running.list command inside gpg --edit-card, look for the Key attributes line to see what is currently selected. On my YubiKey 4, it defaulted to 2048 bits for all keys:These correspond to the signature key, encryption key, and authentication key. (I believe only the authentication key is used for ssh.)
Running the key-attr admin subcommand lets you change these:
(Note that the OpenPGP applet only works with RSA, not ECC, so don't choose that.)
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ssh-add -L may not initially show anything:This is because gpg-agent changed how it works a few years ago, removing some options such as write-env-file (per this comment, which Florin's instructions use.
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To get gpg-agent and ssh-agent to work together, you can use a simplified /.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf:
and then kill any running gpg-agent process so that it picks up the new configuration.
Since the .gpg-agent-info file is no longer created by gpg-agent, you must also change your .bash_profile to use the GPG agent ssh socket directly. I also added a line here to ensure that the gpg-agent is running:
(This is taken from @drduh's YubiKey guide.)
After updating this, launch a new shell, and ssh-add -L should now show you your public key, and you can follow the rest of the directions provided.
I wanted to require a touch any time I tried to use my YubiKey for ssh authentication to prevent rogue processes from using the key while it's plugged in.
You can use the YubiKey Manager CLI to require this; I installed it via Homebrew.
After installed, use the ykman openpgp touch subcommand to configure the touch settings:
(Again, you control the three keys separately.)
I attempted to add my SSH public key to my GitHub account and came across this perplexing error:
Key is weak. GitHub recommends using ssh-keygen to generate a RSA key of at least 2048 bits.
I'd initially used a 2048-bit RSA key, so using the key-attr subcommand I described above, I tried generating a 4096-bit key, but GitHub gave the same error message.
After some searching, I came across this issue. Basically, due to a security issue in certain versions of the YubiKey 4 (4.2.6-4.3.4), GitHub rejects keys generated on these YubiKeys as weak. There are basically two workarounds:
@drduh's YubiKey Guide is a great reference, going into even more detail and best practices.